Have Quadruple and Quintuple Helices Emerged? Metaphors, Project Titles, and Empirical Research
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract In the original Triple Helix model (Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff 1995), three “helices” of Universities, Industry Government (3-way) interactions among between them were proposed as a basis for looking at how entrepreneurship comes into being. Since article, other “helix-based” models have been proposed. Some vary triple others propose higher numbers helix – with 4 5as most typical extensions. article “Triple, Quadruple, Higher-Order Helices: Historical phenomena (neo-)evolutionary models,” Lawton Smith (2022) developed an Information-Theory based approach to look more formally need higher-order helices. case two helices, processes mutual shaping can generate historical trajectories that could otherwise: options providing possible states, which not yet historically realized (Petersen et al., 2016). Adding third makes substantive change from information point view: is just sum sets 2-way interactions. However, once this number has reached further additions be decomposed triads (Batagelj 2014; Simmel, 1902). This leads suggestion higher-dimensional structures potentially add little discourse. Four (sets of) authors asked by Editors respond (2022). Many insightful interesting points raised including convenience, presentation allow unified theory model. These are discussed in article’s “responses criticism” (Shostakovich, 1937). It continues debate on helices summarising responding made those commentators. What may status and/or helices?
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Triple Helix
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2197-1927', '2590-0366']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/21971927-bja10033